QUESTION ONE
a) “The relationship between civil and military institutions is not enough to explain the dynamic interactions taking place among the political,
military and social sectors of the society. policy makers should [therefore] consider the indigenous conditions and complexities of nations
before assuming that a particular civil-military scenario prevents domestic military interventions in all cases” Rebecca Schiff, 1995. discuss
this statement within the theoretical context of civil-military relations

OR

b) critique Rebecca Schiff”s article Theory of concordance revisited (1995)

Question TWO
HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION IS ALWAYS CONTROVERSIAL WHEN IT HAPPENS OR FAILS TO HAPPEN. DISCUSS THE JUSTIFICATION FOR AND THE CRITICISM AGAINST INTERVENTION AND DRAWING EXAMPLES FROM THE POST COLD WAR ERA.

Question THREE
Assess the core principles of the responsibility to protect (R2P) In relation to civil military relations

Question FOUR
a) Outline the key dilemmas of civil military relations in Africa
b) critically assess the key principles of democratic civil-military relations